Thomas Reid, Inquiry into the Human Mind, II.iv:

So that here, instead of saying that the belief or knowledge is got by putting together and comparing the simple apprehensions, we ought rather to say that the simple apprehension is performed by resolving and analysing a natural and original judgment. And it is with the operations of the mind, in this case, as with natural bodies, which are, indeed, compounded of simple principles or elements. Nature does not exhibit these elements separate, to be compounded by us; she exhibits them mixed and compounded in concrete bodies, and it is only by art and chemical analysis that they can be separated.

Fichte’s thetic judgment

Wayne Martin, Fichtes Logical Legacy:

In Kant’s example, I posit the concept “God” in a certain relation to the concept “omnipotence.” But in a judgment of existence I engage in a different sort of positing altogether. In effect I posit God (not the concept, but the divine being itself) as something which answers to my concept. In an early essay Kant had even called this second form of positing “absolute positing” – a phrase with obvious Fichtean resonances.

The Savoyard Vicar's theory of judgment →

Wayne Martin points out the Savoyard Vicar’s account of the distinction between judgment and sensation in Rousseau’s Émile. As the vicar says:

Judging and sensing are not the same thing. By sensation, objects are presented to me separated, isolated, such as they are in nature. By comparison I move them, I transport them, … I superimpose them on one another in order to pronounce on their difference or their likeness and generally on all their relations. According to me, the distinctive faculty of the active or intelligent being is to be able to give … sense to the word is. I seek in vain in the purely sensitive being for this intelligent force which superimposes and which then pronounces; I am not able to see it in its nature. This passive being will sense each object separately, or it will even sense the total object formed by the two; but having no force to bend them back on one another, it will never compare them, it will not judge them.